The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the lives of millions of people around the globe and some of the unprecedent emerged disruptions, are likely to have been particularly challenging for young children. Studying the impact of such extraordinary circumstances on their well-being is crucial to identify processes leading to risk and resilience. To better understand how Spanish children have adapted to the stressful disruptions resulting from the pandemic outbreak, we examined the effects of child coping and its interactions with contextual stressors (...) on child adjustment, incorporating in our analysis a developmental perspective. Data was collected in April 2020, through parent-reports, during the acute phase of the pandemic and, temporarily coinciding with the mandatory national quarantine period imposed by the Spanish Government. A sample of 1,123 Spanish children aged 3 to 12 participated in the study. Results showed differences in the use of specific strategies by children in different age groups. Despite the uncontrollable nature of the pandemic-related stressors, child disengagement coping was distinctively associated to negative outcomes, whereas engagement coping predicted psychosocial adjustment across all age groups. Moreover, interactively with child coping, parent fear of the future and parent dispositional resilience appear as relevant contextual factors to predict both negative and positive outcomes, but their effects seem to be age dependent, suggesting a higher contextual vulnerability for younger children. These findings might have implications for identifying individual and contextual risk and informing potential preventive interventions aimed to reduce the impact of future pandemic outbreaks on children of different ages. (shrink)

The confinement of the population into their homes as a result of COVID-19 has entailed a notable increase in the consumption of diverse media. This exploratory study aimed to examine how the increase in media consumption was related to subjective happiness and psychological well-being. For this purpose, a questionnaire was administered to a sample of Spanish adults to assess their consumption of different media before and during confinement. Moreover, participants were evaluated for hedonic, eudaimonic, social, and experienced happiness by using (...) the Pemberton Happiness Index. The results underlined the great increase in the consumption of TV for entertainment and social networking sites during confinement. Furthermore, it was found that higher consumption was negatively correlated with the level of happiness, so that, people who reported greater well-being, both subjective and psychological, spent less time watching TV and using SNS. In contrast, no association was found between the level of happiness and the consumption of news and radio. Therefore, it seems that far from cultivating greater happiness, those who engaged in heavy consumption of TV entertainment and SNS during confinement were less happy than those who did so more moderately and spent more time using other media or performing other activities. (shrink)

Este artículo presenta las conclusiones de un estudio cuantitativo y longitudinal sobre las guerras civiles colombianas, desde el momento de la constitución del país como unidad política estable, y de las formas como se accedió a la paz después de cada una de ellas. Incluye, además, una comparación cuantitativa con los demás países de Hispanoamérica. Se concluye que hay diferencias críticas entre las guerras del siglo XIX y l as del XX, en cuanto a duración y severidad, así como en (...) cuanto a las formas de la paz, con excepción de la Guerra de Los Mil Días. (shrink)

Introduction: Loss of employment is an experience that is lived and interpreted differently depending on a series of individual variables, including the psychological resources available to the affected person, as well as their perception of their degree of employability. Losing one’s job can be one of the most painful and traumatic events a person has to withstand. Following a dismissal, the worker needs to overcome a period of emotional adaptation to the loss. But that period of grieving can also condition (...) the process of job search of the person, and be influenced by different variables, highlighting the age and work experience. The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between intensity and type of affliction due to the loss of employment in older workers and their level of employability. Method: We carried out a descriptive, analytical, cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 140 unemployed participants, from 19 to 65 years of age, users of job Orientation in the Public Employment Service of Andalusia (España). Of the total participants, 66 were unemployed and over 45 years of age. They all took the Labour Insertion Potential Assessment Test, and the Texas Inventory revised adapted to job loss Results: Significant differences are shown in the grieving process due to loss of employment between both groups, with the older unemployed living the process more intensely. In relation to the employability potential, differences are found between both groups in terms of availability, perceived difficulties and fears. Interrelationships between total grieving intensity and the importance that older jobseekers give to work are also indicated. Conclusion:Loss of employment and the psychological and health consequences of this situation are identified with those that arise in the grieving process. Older workers present a series of features that determine that their job loss grieving process is more intense and lasts longer than that of other younger workers, regardless of whether the job loss was recent or not. On the other hand, it is shown that the intensity of grieving is related to the decrease of certain variables that are part of the concept of employability. (shrink)

La Casa de Santiago de Jerusalén, para estudiantes bíblicos y arqueólogos españoles en Tierra Santa, fue erigida, formalmente, en noviembre de 1955. Este trabajo recopila e interpreta algunos de los diplomas que se intercambiaron hasta aquel momento los promotores de esta obra. La relevancia que, con los años, ha adquirido este centro de investigación hace que resulte importante recuperar esta documentación y la información programática que aporta para el análisis y la definición de su historia.

Este trabajo de inves-tigación histórica trata de establecer algunos criterios para interpretar uno de los conflictos más notorios de cuantos suscitó la convivencia entre el cristianismo y el islam a lo largo de la Edad Media en la Penín-sula Ibérica. A partir de los infor-mes que se redactaron, a lo largo del siglo XVI, para la causa de su canonización, este artículo analiza algunas leyendas bajomedievales y las interpretaciones historiográficas modernas sobre el martirio, el año 834, de los 200 benedictinos (...) del monasterio de San Pedro de Cardeña, en Burgos. (shrink)

Nowadays, the quality standards of higher education institutions pay special attention to the performance and evaluation of the students. Then, having a complete academic record of each student, such as number of attempts, average grade and so on, plays a key role. In this context, the existence of missing data, which can happen for different reasons, leads to affect adversely interesting future analysis. Therefore, the use of imputation techniques is presented as a helpful tool to estimate the value of missing (...) data. This work deals with the academic records of engineering students, in which imputation techniques are applied. More specifically, it is assessed and compared to the performance of the multivariate imputation by chained equations methodology, the adaptive assignation algorithm based on multivariate adaptive regression splines and a hybridization based on self-organisation maps with Mahalanobis distances and AAA algorithm. The results show that proposed methods obtain successfully results regardless the number of missing values, in general terms. (shrink)

The Interrogatory of the year 1755 is the document which had to carry out the city of Lorca to elaborate the "Catastro de la Ensenada". lt has been possible to know, through it, the productive structure of a rural, gremial and conservative country where the political powder was kept by the oligarchy. In this paper we have studied the division and use of the land, its production, yields, prices and taxes as well as the manufacturing, comercial and industrial activities. Also, (...) this paper allow us tho know the distribution of the employed people and their rentallevel, and also show the way in which the burocracy gives to this rural country sorne urban character. We have tried to carry out an approach to a pre-industrial society of the "Old Regimen" which has an important density of population and where the guilds gave to this society gremial character. (shrink)

Psychological flexibility is a key concept of acceptation and commitment therapy. This factor has been linked with psychological wellbeing and associated factors, such as quality of life, in cancer patients. These and other positive results of acceptation and commitment therapy in cancer patients found in previous research could be enhanced by using mhealth tools. A three-arm randomized superiority clinical trial, with a pre-post-follow-up repeated measures intergroup design with a 1:1:1 allocation ratio is proposed. A hundred and twenty cancer patients will (...) be randomly assigned to one of the following interventions: face-to-face ACT + mobile application, face-to-face ACT, and Waitlist control group. The primary expected outcome is to observe significant improvements in psychological flexibility acceptance and action questionnaire- II in the face-to-face ACT + app group, after comparing baseline and post-treatment scores, and the scores will remain stable in the two assessment points, 3 and 6 months after the intervention. Secondary expected outcomes are significant increasing scores in quality of life and post-traumatic-growth, and significant decreasing scores in anxiety and depression, insomnia and fatigue at the same assessment points. Also, it is expected that the scores of this group will be higher than the scores of the face-to-face ACT group and the waitlist control group. This study aims to assess the efficacy of a combined intervention for psychological flexibility and associated symptoms in cancer patients. The results of this protocol may help to consider the use of acceptation and commitment therapy and mhealth applications in cancer settings as a valid therapeutic choice.Clinical Trial Registration[www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT05126823]. (shrink)

El proceso de despoblación rural en el Valle del Genal se ha visto agravado en las últimas décadas, provocado en parte por el éxodo de sus habitantes en la búsqueda de oportunidades laborales o mejores servicios y equipamientos. La proximidad de la Costa del Sol, en continuo crecimiento turístico desde los años 60, ha sido un fuerte atractor de población activa, favoreciendo esta dinámica. La interrelación entre ambos territorios supone una temática de sumo interés y una oportunidad como laboratorio de (...) estudio e investigación en el marco de la asignatura “Patrimonio, Turismo y Territorio” de la Escuela de Arquitectura de Málaga. (shrink)

RESUMEN Se exploran las relaciones entre hegemonía y filosofía de la praxis en A. Gramsci. Se examina la influencia de la filosofía hegeliana sobre estas nociones en los Cuadernos de la cárcel. Asimismo, se estudia la crítica a estas nociones a la luz del feminismo de la diferencia y del debate sobre hegemonía, universalidad y contingencia iniciado por E. Laclau, J. Butler y S. Žižek. Se concluye que concebir la hegemonía desde la perspectiva de la filosofía de la praxis significa (...) que la acción político-intelectual, según Gramsci, no solo implica la formación de una hegemonía alternativa, sino una crítica políticamente operante a la pretensión de universalidad del discurso hegemónico a partir de la exposición de su contingencia histórica. ABSTRACT The paper explores the relations between hegemony and the philosophy of praxis in A. Gramsci, and examines the influence of Hegelian philosophy on these notions as set forth in the Prison Notebooks. Likewise, it studies the critique of these notions from the perspective of difference feminism and of the debate over hegemony, universality, and contingency initiated by E. Laclau, J. Butler, and S. Žižek. The conclusion is that conceiving hegemony from the perspective of the philosophy of praxis means that, according to Gramsci, political-intellectual action implies not only the formation of an alternative hegemony, but also a politically operative critique of the claim to universality of hegemonic discourse, on the basis of the unveiling of its historical contingency. (shrink)

Este artigo retoma, numa versão revista e resumida, a apresentação da obra e do pensamento de José Esteves Pereira, elaborada para o Projeto Ensayo Hispánico da Universidade da Geórgia, coordenado por José Luís Gómez-Martínez. Encontra-se dividido em duas partes: uma breve introdução biobibliográfica e uma exposição das linhas principais da epistemologia da História das Ideias, segundo Esteves Pereira.

Inserte lugares de la memoria funcionan como marcas significativas de una historia reconstruida desde el presente, que conforman distintos paisajes culturales, que son representaciones simbólicas de territorios como la Ciudad Deportiva Magdalena Mixiuhca y sus geosímbolos deportivos.El objetivo es entender desde el Método de la Hermenéutica Profunda, la Teoría de los Sistemas Complejos y el Pensamiento Complejo, como estos lugares de alta significación del deporte resultan fundamentales en la trasferencia de significados y emociones, que identifican a este espacio apropiado física (...) y simbólicamente, concluyendo que esto es porque detonan recuerdos evocativos de acontecimientos emblemáticos que consolidan diversas identidades colectivas. (shrink)

Este artículo explora varios motivos en los que Arendt pudo inspirarse en Benjamin para distanciarse luego. Sobre todo, la concepción de la naturaleza como ruina y la relación entre historia y naturaleza que él caracterizaría como historia natural. Junto a ello, la “nuda vida” y la noción de “creatura”, que Benjamin reelabora a partir del drama barroco y Arendt reconstruye en la figura de los refugiados y la “abstracta desnudez del ser humano”. Ambas figuras reaparecen en la lectura que los (...) dos hacen de Kafka como anticipación profética del totalitarismo. Pero, mientras que Arendt extrae de él las figuras opuestas del paria y del parvenu, Benjamin se fija en el mesianismo y en el carácter opresivo de la ley. La desatención de Arendt a esto último es la condición de su apuesta por la natalidad y la política, lo que le distancia de Benjamin y del propio Kafka. (shrink)

Soto Calderón, Andrea (2022)Imaginación materialSantiago de Chile: Metales Pesados, 149 p.ISBN 978-9566048923.

In this article we examine the way in which the American Alt-Right movement has made Friedrich Nietzsche its most influential philosopher. The authors ascribed to the Alt-Right evidence a strong liking for the German philosopher's ideas, which resonate forcefully in many their principal policies: specifically, the characterisation of our contemporaneity as “decadent”, the comparison between “superior men” and the project to construct a “white ethnostate”, and the advocacy of Christianity, as opposed to Christianism, as an identity structure for defining white (...) civilisation. Having trawled the main Alt-Right forums of ideological expression and analysed the key writings of their theorists, references and spokespersons, we aim to present a systematic explanation of how this advocacy has been built on certain Nietzschean themes. We also argue that this is a partial, superficial and contradictory reading of Nietzsche, as well as a narrow and distorted interpretation. (shrink)

La relación intelectual oculta que sostenía la amistad entre Hannah Arendt y Walter Benjamin va más allá de la relación de amistad personal que sostuvieron en el exilio en Francia y más allá de las interpretaciones que la propia Arendt hace posteriormente de Benjamin, que lo colocan injustamente cerca de Heidegger. Este artículo se propone, más bien, buscar la conexión entre los dos en la lectura que hacen de Kafka como escritor de las parábolas de la vida moderna. En ellas, (...) ambos encuentran la figura del paria y del refugiado expulsado de la sociedad administrada. Arendt encontrará también la posibilidad del paria consciente, dotado de la facultad de juicio que replica la figura benjaminiana de la redención. (shrink)

O texto analisa a presença da família Sousa na literatura nobiliárquica portuguesa nos anos imediatamente posteriores à Restauração. Trata-se de ver a permeabilidade de certos valores nobiliárquicos na configuração da memória de um apelido e a sua implicação com a dimensão política da família Sousa. Em Portugal, o peso do genealógico foi um ponto essencial na configuração de uma definição-tipo de nobreza. Por isso a proliferação, desde a baixa Idade Média, de textos sobre famílias à sombra do Nobiliário do conde (...) D. Pedro foi uma das constantes. Esta fecunda e prolífera produção permite-nos perceber as variantes discursivas em torno da honra, da virtude e da preeminência nobiliárquica em Portugal e contextualizar a nobreza portuguesa no espaço ibérico e europeu, pois comprovamos a presença constante de valores transversais a todas as nobrezas católicas do continente. Além disso, a conjuntura de 1640 soma um novo elemento de interpretação como é o da ideia de fidelidade ao novo projecto monárquico encabeçado pelos Braganças. Partindo da análise das formas do discurso em torno da nobreza, este trabalho de História cultural, e do mesmo modo social, é uma mostra evidente do papel que o escrito teve na modernidade no momento de estabelecer formas de comunicação dos valores sociais dominantes. (shrink)

La pregunta que articula este artículo es acerca del tipo de sujeto que se esconde tras los requisitos formales del acto en Žižek. ¿Quiénes son los sujetos empíricos implicados en su concepción de acto? El acto lo es sin sujeto, carece de explicación causalista; sin embargo, si bien no aporta una noción positiva con contornos específicos y un contenido determinado, sí existe una dimensión sociológica implícita. ¿Dónde ubica sociológicamente ese “universal concreto”? Si el efecto más inmediato de lo que Žižek (...) denomina “posmodernismo” es la despolitización de la economía, ¿Quién es, entonces, el agente de la repolitización? ¿qué podría ocupar hoy el lugar de “posición proletaria”? Argumentamos que si bien Žižek se propone repetir Lenin contra las concepciones economicistas, su apuesta por el lumpen como “individuo universal” lo aproxima más bien a los planteamientos bakunianos contra Marx, al observar en las figuras de la exclusión un potencial sujeto revolucionario. (shrink)

Under the influence of naturalistic approaches, contemporary philosophy of science tends to characterize scientific objectivity not by virtue of the individualistic following of rules or satisfying epistemic utilities, but as a property arising from the organisational features of groups. This paper presents a critical review of one such proposal, that of Helen Longino, probing some of its main features against the debate between Pasteur and Pouchet in mid-nineteenth-century France regarding the spontaneous generation of life. After considering some weaknesses and strengths, (...) it is argued that Longino’s social epistemology is only able to generate normativity by implicitly assuming a classic procedural notion of epistemic acceptability. The paper also aims to use this historical case to shed light on the complex, multidimensional nature of the dynamics of actual science, arguing both against purely epistemic and exclusively social approaches in a satisfactory meta-scientific explanation of controversies. (shrink)

This book clarifies the meaning of the most important and pervasive concepts and tools in bioethical argumentation and assesses the methodological suitability of the main methods for clinical decision-making and argumentation. The first part of the book is devoted to the most developed or promising approaches regarding bioethical argumentation, namely those based on principles, values and human rights. The authors then continue to deal with the contributions and shortcomings of these approaches and suggest further developments by means of substantive and (...) procedural elements and concepts from practical philosophy, normative systems theory, theory of action, human rights and legal argumentation. Furthermore, new models of biomedical and health care decision-making, which overcome the aforementioned criticism and stress the relevance of the argumentative responsibility, are included. (shrink)

A partir de las reflexiones de H. Bergson sobre la risa, nos preguntamos qué podría tener de específico el humor en la lógica populista de E. Laclau; cuáles son los vínculos afectivos que se construyen entre el líder y el pueblo a través de las estrategias cómicas; y en qué medida el humor podría ser utilizado como elemento movilizador para la construcción de un pueblo. Más que como atributos de una agencia política independiente, nos interesa pensar el humor como atributo (...) de la representación iconográfica en el sentido que le otorga E. Laclau. Si para H. Bergson la risa tiene una función social correctora, proponemos pensar la experiencia cómica desde una función intensificadora en la construcción de identidades colectivas. (shrink)